1.)Closure- When our eyes see incomplete objects then our eyes tend to fill in the gaps which are not present because we want to see the whole object rather than fragments of the whole.
Example: When seen, these horizontal lines to us will be thought of as a whole bunny rather then many lines with different lengths and gaps cause our mind closes gaps.

http://i0.wp.com/lemasney.com/consulting/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/15-of-365-Closure-design-principle.png

 2.)Continuity- We perceive patterns which are continuous and smooth  and try to avoid seeing discontinuous patterns. This means that patterns that have a order and that flow will catch our eyes but patterns that break apart or have some sort of disturbance will not catch our eyes.
Example: In the patterns below, we see a smooth pattern with 1st branch being continuous to top and bottom branch which allows us not to break the pattern into two wholes and be discontinuous since we  like to see continuous patterns.

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQIxKAqtMNE68NJIfXLIVbqiSFEo-A4_TbS_ovjJapYpRRZMCMtL115YkD2zlZocSRVcAP4GfXXdcKHvyEfBFnvKPSkhuefcUMva_1ChxNx1cm6RXG1ugKgkXxH0atKETOjIi_mw8QVoXv/s200/continuity.jpg

3.)Similarity- when we see a mix of shapes or any objects, our mind groups similar objects together and not link a group of not similar objects together.

Example: In both these images we will group the similar objects of four apples and four pears but we will not group in such that every group consists of 2 apples and 2 pears because we like to group similar objects.

http://www.mhhe.com/socscience/intro/ibank/ibank/0055.jpg

4.)Proximity- Our brain likes to group object that are close together in distance.
Example: In this image, our brains will group these squares as rows rather than columns because the rows are close to each other while the columns are spread apart in distance. 

http://boxesandarrows.com/files/banda/cognitive_psychology_ia_from_theory_to_practice/withrow_img2.gif

5.)Figure-ground perception- this basically means that when we see an object, we find the ground giving us the base of the picture but sometimes a different picture when we focus on a different ground.
Example: In this image, we can either focus on the black as our background and see a jazz player or focus on the white and see a lady which depends which background you choose to focus on.


http://www.appsychology.com/Book/Biological/Peceptionpics/sax-wom.gif

12) Shape Constancy

Shape constancy is the ability to perceive "real" shapes of objects regardless of their retinal projections. For example, when you look at a closed door straight on, the image on your retina is approximately rectangular. When you open the door the image on your retina is trapezoidal but your mind still perceives the door as being rectangular.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjective_constancy

6)   Binocular Cues: Cues that takes information from both eyes; they help with depth perception and one binocular cues is binocular disparity.
Example: Because there is a distance between our eyes, each eye has a slightly different angle. So if we were to hold an object a foot away, the image will be the same, but if we were to hold the object right in front of our face, there would be more of a difference between the images coming from our eyes.
 7)  Monocular Cues: are cues that deals with perceiving the distance of an object, many of these cues can be processed with just one eye which is why it is called monocular cues.
An example of a monocular cue is relative size cue, which basically states if two objects are the same size, the one that appears the largest one to the viewer will be the one closest to the observer.
i.e An artist drawing a box closer to the where the viewer will see it and then drawing a same size box farther away on the paper.
8) Another monocular cue is texture gradient, which basically states we can see the details in texture when it is close to us but not farther away.
                          Example: Seeing the details of a golf ball when it is close to us but now when it is down a football field.                                                                     Link to picture
       
http://thesportsphysio.wordpress.com/2012/09/09/the-sporting-shoulder/                                                                                    
Can see texture on a golf ball                                                   Can't see texture on the golf ball                                        
9) Motion perception:  An aspect of our perception to gauge motion, we can detect how fast images move across our retinas and at the same time take into account our own motion.
                     An example of motion perception is the stroboscopic effect, which is when one have a series of still pictures, but it is presented at a fast enough speed so it appears like it is moving.
                         i.e: A flip-book depicting a skater where each page                          is individually drawn but when flipped fast enough it looks like the person is skating.

11) Brightness Constancy

Brightness constancy is the condition of maintaining perceptual constancy in viewing familiar objects. Thus, anything familiar to the eye will appear to have the same brightness regardless of illumination. It is also called lightness constancy.

Example:

If it is dusk or dawn, a white bed sheet will be perceived as having the same brightness. The white bed sheet will look the like the same type of white.

10) Size Constancy

Size constancy is the tendency to perceive an object as being the same size regardless of whether it is close or far away. For example when we see a skyline in the distance, we know the buildings are very tall even though they look really small. We still perceive the buildings in the background as tall because we know that they are far away and deep in our visual field based on the awareness of our environment and prior knowledge.